Sultan Abdul Jalil Rahmat Shah

Sultan Abdul Jalil Rahmat Shah (also known as Raja Kecil) is the 12th Sultan of Johor.

Biography

Raja Kecil was a claimant to the throne of the Sultanate of Johor claiming to be the son of [Sultan Mahmud Shah II], who was born in High City, Old Johor.

According to the book " Leaves of the Same Tree: Trade and Ethnicity in the Straits of Malacca ", essay by Leonard Y. Andaya. He referred to The Story of Siak that the Little King or Sultan Abdul Jalil Rahmat Shah was the son of Sultan Mahmud Shah II. At a young age, His Highness King was taken away by His Majesty the King Mound fence. The granddaughter was married to Sultan Mahmud Shah II and obtained this Little King. Because of the blue-gray in the palace due to the sultan's odd behavior, the prince saved his grandson (Little King). In Ruyung Fence, the Little King was infiltrated by Princess Jamilan, who was the mother of the then Ruyung Fence. Little King is a close relative of the government of the Fence ( his name was believed to be Presiding by the King of the Indermashah Ruyung Fence, and then founded The Sultan of Siak Sri Inderapura). Princess Jamilan while taking the Little King as an adopted son once said: " I feel sorry for him, because he has no father .

At the age of 13, the Little King had asked Princess Jamilan's permission to go out to seek knowledge. He served the government of Palembang and returned to Ruyung Fence. When he returned home, Princess Jamilan asked him, saying " Why are you so long at sea? "The Little King answered" looking at the handsome people ". These words reflect the reflection or metaphor that he was involved in the equilibrium activities of the sea trade, reinforcing evidence that the Pagar Ruyung government had close trade relations with the regional governments in particular Minangkabau and Palembang.

Princess Jamilan advised the Little King to travel again, this time suggesting that he go to Siak to seize Johor and seek revenge on his behalf Mahmud Shah II. His Majesty the King was then crowned as Fence of the Peel and gained the glory of the greatness of the Minangkabau. Later, the Little King exercised the title Sultan Abdul Jalil Rahmat Shah and ruled Johor between 1718 and 1722.

Documentary proof

There is a Dutch record in 1674 that a messenger from Johor had come to seek the help of King Minangkabau in the war against King Jambi. Later on a letter from King Jambi, Sultan Ingalaga to the Dutch East India Company (VOC) in 1694, citing that Sultan Abdul Jalil of Pagar Ruyung, was present as a witness of their dispute.

Also, during the reign of Sultan Indermashah, in 1677 the Minangkabau provinces residing in Rembau, Sungai Ujong and Naning, asked the Yang Di-Pertuan Ruyung to send them a king and at that time sent one of the king's relatives named King Ibrahim.

In 1716, the Sultan of Indermasyah sent his brother Abdul Jalil Rahmat Shah I of Siak to represent himself in settling a trade agreement with the VOC. The Dutch initially rejected it, but then came a letter from the Yang Di-Pertuan Ruyung, asserting the status of the Sultan Abdul Jalil.

The presence of the Sultan of Indermashah can still be ascertained by his connection with the Dutch referencing letters received by the VOC regents in 1724, 1727, and the last in 1730.

During the Siak War Symposium, the Little King son of Pagar Ruyung, ruled as the ruler of Siak on the initiative of the people of Bengkalis, and released him from the influence of Johor. According to the Story of Siak, the Little King was the son of Sultan Mahmud Shah II, (Al-Marhum died). In his letter to the VOC, the Little King of Pagar Ruyung stated that he would demand retaliation for the assassination of Sultan Mahmud Shah II.

The government

During the reign of Sultan Abdul Jalil IV, the situation was a bit turbulent as the nobles were greedy, treacherous and jealous. This situation allowed the Little King to invade Johor. In 1717, the Little King and soldiers from Siak invaded Johor. On March 21, 1718, the Little King captured the Panchor. The Little King appointed himself the Yang di-Pertuan of Johor and named Sultan Abdul Jalil Rahmat Shah. However, he still allowed Sultan Abdul Jalil IV to settle in Johor but did not have the authority and was appointed Treasurer. The victory of the Little King was at the behest of the Johor nobility as he believed the Little King was the heir to Sultan Mahmud Shah II.

In 1719, attempts to recapture the power of Sultan Abdul Jalil IV and his sons King Sulaiman and Tun Abas, who were fortified in Seluyut, failed. Sultan Abdul Jalil IV fled to Kuala Pahang.

The Little King moved to Riau and ruled Johor from Riau. Sultan Abdul Jalil IV moved from Kuala Pahang to Kuala Terengganu and in 1720 returned to Kuala Pahang. The Little King sent Admiral Nakhoda Sekam to Kuala Pahang and killed Sultan Abdul Jalil IV. King Solomon and Tun Abas were taken to Riau but King Solomon and Tun Abas did not want to submit to the Little King and made friends with the Bugis Five Brothers and succeeded in defeating the Little King and drove him back to Siak in 1723.

Expansion of power and death

In 1724–1726 Sultan Abdul Jalil Rahmat Shah undertook the expansion of the territory, beginning with the introduction of the Rokan into the territory of the Siak Sultanate, establishing the defense of the naval fleet at Bintan and even in 1740-1745 conquering several areas in Kedah. Sultan Abdul Jalil Rahmat Shah died in 1746 and was buried in Buantan where he was later named Marhum Buantan. Later, he was succeeded by his son, Sultan Mahmud Abdul Jalil Shah.

References

Andaya, L. (2008). Leaves of the Same Tree: Trade and Ethnicity in the Straits of Melaka (1st ed., P. 102). Hawaii: University of Hawaii Press. Retrieved from https://books.google.com.my/books?id=w7AqZR1ZUZgC&pg=PA104&dq=sultan+of+Pagaruyung&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CBwQ6AEwAGoVChMIyLeelM

Andaya, L. (2008). Leaves of the Same Tree: Trade and Ethnicity in the Straits of Melaka (1st ed., P. 102). Hawaii: University of Hawaii Press. Retrieved from https://books.google.com.my/books?id=w7AqZR1ZUZgC&pg=PA104&dq=sultan+of+Pagaruyung&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CBwQ6AEwAGoVChMIyLeelM

Andaya, L. (2008). Leaves of the Same Tree: Trade and Ethnicity in the Straits of Melaka (1st ed., P. 102). Hawaii: University of Hawaii Press. Retrieved from https://books.google.com.my/books?id=w7AqZR1ZUZgC&pg=PA104&dq=sultan+of+Pagaruyung&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CBwQ6AEwAGoVChMIyLeelM

Andaya, L. (2008). Leaves of the Same Tree: Trade and Ethnicity in the Straits of Melaka (1st ed., P. 102). Hawaii: University of Hawaii Press. Retrieved from https://books.google.com.my/books?id=w7AqZR1ZUZgC&pg=PA104&dq=sultan+of+Pagaruyung&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CBwQ6AEwAGoVChMIyLeelM

Andaya, L. (2008). Leaves of the Same Tree: Trade and Ethnicity in the Straits of Melaka (1st ed., P. 102). Hawaii: University of Hawaii Press. Retrieved from https://books.google.com/books?id=w7AqZR1ZUZgC&pg=PA104&dq=sultan+There is a Dutch record in 1674, that a messenger from Johor came to seek the help of the King Minangkabau in the war against King Jambi. Later on a letter from the King Jambi, The Sultan of Ingalaga to Dutch East Indies (VOC) in 1694, stating that Sultan Abdul Jalil of Pagar Ruyung, was present as the first witness.